Build a house from nothing. Recommendations on how to build a house cheaper with your own hands

Build a house from scratch with your own hands: what is required, cost, recommendations. Most of us really want to have a private home. This will be the very place that you will want to return to again and again after a hard day and spend the evenings with your family. If you decide to build your own home, you have two options. The first is to take a house design and adapt it to the location where construction will take place. The second is to develop a project with your own hands (or using the help of specialists). Most likely, you are interested in how to build a house from scratch with your own hands so that it ultimately meets your expectations and requirements? To answer this question, you should consider in detail all stages of construction, which will allow you to distribute the stages of construction.

So, have you decided to build a country house or cottage? Fabulous! But first, let's look at a few particularly important issues that are associated with future construction.

Construction stages

If you want to build a house from scratch, and for it to be truly durable, reliable and beautiful, then be guided by the sequence of construction work. Let's look at each of their stages in turn.

Creation of project documentation

This point is the most important, since it represents the basis of construction. In this case, every little detail should be taken into account. You need to decide what size your home should be. This will make it possible to calculate the approximate amount of building material that will be required and the cost. You should also pay attention to such an issue as the thickness of the walls. The fact is that the external area of the house will always be larger than the internal one, and for this reason it should be targeted to obtain a high-quality result.

Consider how communications will be placed. These include draining water and even laying an electrical network. Do not underestimate such a moment as the load-bearing elements and decoration of the house. With the help of design, you can successfully locate the house on the plot of land you purchased.

Note, that before starting to lay the house, a geological survey of the area should be carried out. This is far from a whim, but a necessity, since it is thanks to it that it will be possible to determine the type of soil on which the cottage will be built and the location of groundwater. Do not skimp on this procedure, since the durability and strength of the building as a whole will depend on the foundation chosen based on the test results.

Pouring the foundation

It is also important to clear the entire construction area of debris. After the cleaning work, you can start digging a trench. Please note that its depth should be more than 1 meter and its width approximately 0.35 meters. You should also take into account such an indicator as the height difference. After this, install the formwork, and then the metal reinforcing elements. Only after this can concrete be poured. By the way, you can prepare the concrete mixture yourself, or you can buy it ready-made at any hardware store.

The main thing when building the foundation of a house from scratch with your own hands is to remember that it is the concrete foundation that determines the endurance and durability of the house. This will be your starting point, which can have a great influence on future construction.

There are several types of foundation:

So, if you want to build a house with a basement, but your area has a high tendency for basements to flood, feel free to choose a slab foundation. With its help, you can easily build a basement floor. A strip foundation has both advantages and disadvantages, but construction experts admit that a strip foundation is several times better than a slab foundation. It can be safely laid on soil with high water content.

A columnar foundation is ideal when you plan to build a wooden house. If you want a brick house, it is better to choose a different type of foundation. Building a columnar foundation is a little more complicated than the two previous options. But keep in mind that if you do not follow all the features of laying the foundation, the grillage may crack.

Choosing walls and roof

You can begin this stage of house construction immediately after the foundation has dried. The manufacture of walls and roof should be considered as one whole. Sometimes even wood is used to make walls. Remember that in this case it is very important that the walls are smooth. For this reason, there is little theoretical knowledge; skill is required.

To make a high-quality roofing covering, use bitumen sheets. Choose the option provided for in the project. It is best if at this stage of construction you work in tandem with someone. This will help you get the job done in a short time.

Features of purchasing windows

If you want to build a house from scratch with your own hands, choosing windows only at first glance may seem like the simplest process at the entire construction stage. Most users prefer windows made of metal-plastic. They are practical, comfortable, and also have high thermal insulation and sound insulation properties. When purchasing windows, pay first of all attention to reliability, as they should not allow drafts during the cold season. Modern double-glazed windows come in a variety of designs, so they are suitable for any interior.

Selection of door designs

For this reason, before building a house with your own hands, pay attention to:

Technically correctly executed.
High quality.
High quality finishing materials for wall construction.
Compliance with blood packing rules.

Before starting to build a house, you should clearly determine as clearly as possible what the cost of building a house from scratch will be in your case, what work you can do yourself, and for which you will have to resort to the help of professionals.

Features of home insulation

In order to always feel cozy and warm inside the house, you should think about its insulation. To do this, you can use different materials for thermal insulation - glass wool, wood, perlite and cellulose.

Such insulators can be divided into several conditional groups:

Materials of synthetic origin. This includes polyurethane and polystyrene. These materials help achieve a high level of thermal protection, the problem is that they are toxic. For this reason, if you are committed to green buildings, look to safer materials.
Mineral materials. Such insulators are of plant and animal origin. These include wool, hemp, glass wool and flax. They can also provide a high level of protection from the cold and are non-toxic.
Renewable materials. This category includes cellulose and cork. They are used less frequently in the construction of cottages.

Each of the components can be used to insulate the site and the house. Thus, polyurethane is often used to insulate window and door openings, since it does not contain toxic additives. Glass wool is the most popular material for home insulation, and it is most often used in the modern construction market. But it has certain disadvantages. The insulating qualities of the material are significantly reduced if it gets wet.

At the same time, sheep's wool is resistant not only to moisture, but even to insect pests. It is also resistant to high temperatures. If you want to use materials of natural origin and no others, the material is ideal.

Design

And finally, design. He plays an important role. It is very important that your idea coincides with the practical component. But, most likely, you have already thought about the appearance of the house in advance. For this reason, you already have an idea of the house, and all that remains is to finalize this picture. At the design stage, you can use the services of professional architects. If you do not have the skills to work with drawings, then it is advisable to entrust this matter to a real professional. He will help you draw the future home as accurately as possible and make a project taking into account all your wishes.

At the same time, not only the exterior will be worked out, but also the filling of the house from the inside. This includes the number of rooms, the number of floors, and the location. Think in advance about where you want to place the kitchen stove, TV, and lamps, since the installation of the electrical network and the distribution of sockets will depend on this. If you decide at the very beginning to stick to a certain style, you should keep the whole house in it. The color scheme plays an equally important role. With the help of light pastel shades, it is possible to visually increase the area of the house, as well as give it an elegant look. Taking into account all the recommendations, you will be able to build a house from scratch with your own hands, and it will meet your expectations!

Building a good-quality house with your own hands, even without construction experience, is not a myth at all. Despite the fact that building a house on your own is quite a troublesome task, significant savings in money forces many people to take up construction without involving specialized organizations, the cost of whose services often exceeds many times the amount of money spent on purchasing materials.

Selection of materials

How much does it cost to build a strong house for display with your own hands, and what material should you use? The speed of construction and the final cost of a home made by yourself primarily depends on the chosen material.

Brick

If you need to build a house cheaply in a short time with your own hands, then you should immediately abandon brick, since it is expensive, masonry requires special skills, and it can take years to build a building with your own hands. At the same time, this is a strong and durable material, resistant to any natural disasters, not afraid of fire and does not require any additional care.

A brick house looks good, but to build the cottage shown in the photo, you need professionals and expensive material:

Sandwich panels

If we talk about the cost and speed of building a house, they take first place. Frame-panel - assembled like a constructor from ready-made panels. They consist of particle boards, between which there is insulation - solid polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam. The panels are mounted on a wooden or metal frame.

A house made of sandwich panels does not require additional insulation, and the outside is covered with siding or facade plaster is applied. The design is lightweight and does not require a powerful foundation. Many experts claim that a frame house can be built with your own hands in 4–5 days, provided you have a ready-made foundation.

Sandwich panels can be made from different materials. Sometimes their production uses resins that are harmful to human health and emit fumes. This is perhaps the only drawback that can be avoided with painstaking selection of material.

A house made of sandwich panels covered with siding is shown in the photo:

Design and preparatory work

Regardless of what material is chosen for building a house with your own hands, a project agreed upon with all authorities is mandatory. You can order an individual project taking into account your own wishes or purchase a ready-made one. As a rule, it already contains the recommended construction material, as well as its quantity, so you can understand how much it will cost to build a house already at the design stage.

Important! Before you start building a private house with your own hands, you need to clear the land, removing as much as possible all the vegetation in the place where the foundation will be built. If the surface has obvious unevenness or a serious slope, it is recommended to level it using special equipment.

Foundation structure

When building private houses with your own hands, and especially lightweight, cheap structures, strip foundations are most popular. The labor costs and cost of such a foundation are minimal. At the same time, a high-quality strip foundation is not inferior in strength to other types of more massive and heavy structures.

To construct the foundation, markings should be made - one of the most important stages, since further construction will depend on its quality. To do this, you need to take 4 pegs, with which the corners of the building will be marked. Having inserted one rod, measure the width from it and insert the second one to mark the length. The result should be a rectangle or square (depending on the project). The corners must be right. This can be checked by stretching the rope diagonally between opposite points. If they are equal, then the marking is done correctly. If there is a discrepancy, rearrange the pegs until the desired result is obtained.

Next, a pit is dug along the marked perimeter, which is 30–50 centimeters wide, and the depth is calculated based on the load and level of soil freezing, so this figure can range from 0.7 to 1.7 meters.

Sand and crushed stone are poured into the bottom and compacted. After which the formwork is installed, the walls of which are covered with a layer of roofing felt. A reinforcing mesh is made inside to give the necessary rigidity to the base. The installation of the foundation is completed by pouring the concrete mixture into the formwork. It takes about 30 days for concrete to gain grade strength, but after 7–10 days you can begin building walls.

Wall installation

If foam blocks are used as the main material for building a cheap house with your own hands, then their installation is carried out using a notched trowel and a special adhesive composition. It is very important to lay out the first row correctly, so the installation of each block must be checked using a level. Step-by-step instructions for laying blocks:

Place a waterproofing membrane on the finished foundation.
Lubricate the block on the sides and bottom with an adhesive compound prepared in accordance with the instructions supplied with it.
Glue the block to the foundation and check the installation with a level.

After the first row is laid out, reinforcement should be done. To do this, two parallel recesses are cut out on the surface of the block along the entire perimeter of the house, into which reinforcing bars are placed and secured with glue. Repeat reinforcement every 4 rows. The second layer is laid offset in a checkerboard pattern.

If the choice fell on a frame house made of sandwich panels, then the construction of walls is even simpler:

A strapping beam is attached to the foundation, and a “bed” is laid on it using self-tapping screws - a guide board with special grooves for the panel.
Starting from the corner, install two panels that should form an exact right angle. Before installation, its lower groove is foamed and inserted into the recess of the guide board, secured with self-tapping screws.
The panels are connected to each other using a square beam or without it immediately tightly to each other. The grooves are foamed, and the tightly pressed parts are fastened with self-tapping screws.

All other panels are attached in the same way. After installing all parts of the structure, a strapping beam is fixed to the upper part, to which the floor beams are connected. You can build the walls of a house with your own hands in this way very quickly with due care.

Roof structure

After the walls are ready, you can build the roof of the house with your own hands. It is recommended to install a pitched structure, as it is more practical to use. Thanks to the slopes, precipitation does not linger on the surface of the upper part of the house, which prevents its leakage. The construction of a roof consists of the following stages:

Installing a mauerlat is the foundation of the upper part of the house, which is a wooden beam fixed to the top of the parallel walls of the house.
The installation process of the rafter system depends on the design features of the roof, which can be two- or four-slope.
A sheathing is made on the rafters, which is the basis for attaching the roofing.
A waterproofing membrane is laid between the sheathing and the roof.

Final stage

When the roof is installed, the construction of the house is almost complete. There are still a few finishing works left to do:

installation of windows and doors;
installation of floors, partitions and interior decoration;
facing or painting the facade;
communications liner.

Building a house or cottage from scratch with your own hands takes little time and is inexpensive if you use modern materials and proceed in stages. And especially efficient craftsmen will be able to build a house with their own hands in just 4 days.

The main advantages of frame houses made of panels can be seen in the video:

2018-04-13

Many residents of megacities dream of a private home, where they can feel like a full-fledged owner with their own private territory. A person accustomed to comfortable apartment conditions is frightened by building a house with his own hands. You shouldn’t be afraid of construction; it’s important to understand where construction begins, what stages it consists of, and how to arrange everything correctly.

Site selection and documents - how to choose and prepare correctly

Even a person far from construction understands where to start building his house - by choosing a site. When choosing a site for building a private house, you should consider the following factors:

Location. The greatest demand is for land located within the city or at a short distance of about 10-15 km.
Infrastructure: hospital (first aid station), shops, school, kindergarten, cultural and entertainment centers, etc.
Availability and proximity of central communications: water and gas supply, sewerage, electricity, heating. The costs of connecting and conducting utility networks depend on this.
Dimensions. The recommended ratio between the area of the plot and the house is 1:10. Accordingly, on a plot of 10 acres, you can build a house with an area of 100 sq.m.
Transport interchange. For car owners, the availability and quality of access roads is important. If there is no personal transport, then it is advisable that there is a public transport stop nearby.
State of the environment. There should be no industrial facilities nearby that are sources of noise and pollution. It is desirable to have a pond and green spaces.
Geodetic conditions: type of soil, depth of groundwater, presence of ground slope. This data will be needed when choosing the type of foundation and constructing a well.

When purchasing a plot, you should clarify the intended purpose: it must be indicated that the land is allocated for individual residential construction. It is also necessary to check the ownership documents, whether the land is intended to be used for government purposes, whether there are arrests or litigation on the site, whether the dimensions of the site coincide with those indicated in the cadastral passport, etc.

When the purchase and sale agreement is signed by a notary, it must be registered in the land registry. Next, you should start obtaining permits. If there are central networks, you need to obtain permission to connect the electricity network, water supply, sewerage, and gas to the house. After signing an agreement with the network owners, technical conditions for connecting communications are issued.

You can start building a house only after receiving a building permit, otherwise it may be demolished at any stage or a significant fine will be imposed.

To do this, you need to submit to the relevant authorities a package of necessary documents for permission to develop the project. Based on the technical specifications received from architecture and utility services, a project is developed. Then it is submitted for approval, and only after that a construction permit is issued.

How to correctly calculate construction financing?

The main question that arises before the developer is financing. It must be resolved before construction begins and the project is selected. The size and materials from which the house will be built depends on financial capabilities. The cost per square meter of a large house will be less than that of a small house. For the cost of construction, it is important how the house will be built: independently or by a team of builders. Hired labor is expensive and accounts for 40% of construction costs.

There are several factors that influence the cost of a home in one direction or another, they should be taken into account when drawing up a budget. Increases cost:

development of an individual project;
the presence of a basement, balconies, loggias;
a large number of small rooms and rooms;
decorative elements, protrusions and complex shape of the facade;
high ceilings;
unusual roof shape with many angles.

The cost can be reduced by the presence of a large number of windows, a rectangular or square design of the house with smooth external walls without protrusion or decoration, a minimum number of internal walls, and the installation of an attic instead of a second floor. You can take a ready-made standard project as a project.

To correctly calculate the budget, you need to know all the stages of building a private house and the cost ratio for each of them. The preparatory stage consists of paperwork and project development, provided that the site has already been purchased. Costs increase when choosing an individual project. The zero stage consists of digging a pit and laying a foundation. Costs depend on the type of foundation and amount to 15-30% of the total cost. When storing for the winter, the foundation is covered.

The stage of building the box, which includes the construction of external and internal walls, installation of the rafter system and roof, should preferably be completed before the onset of cold weather. These works take 35% of the total estimate. If there is a lack of finances for the winter period, construction can be frozen. Up to 15% of expenses go towards insulating a house and installing doors and windows. The next 15% is the cost of engineering work: conducting and connecting communications, installing equipment and instruments, installing electrical wiring, heating, etc.

Approximately 20% of the total estimate is spent on interior finishing work. At this stage everything depends on the materials used. In an insulated house, you can take your time with finishing and complete it as much as possible, accumulating enough money to finish each room.

Phased construction makes it possible to build a house as finances accumulate, without spending the entire amount at the very beginning of construction.

The project is the basis for the rapid construction of a reliable home

To build a house correctly, it is better to entrust the development of the project to specialists. You can create a project yourself if you have special knowledge, otherwise you can make mistakes that will result in additional costs at the construction stage and may negatively affect the operation of the building in the future. Individual design is an expensive pleasure, so it is more profitable to purchase a ready-made standard project. The advantage of ready-made solutions is that they take into account all the errors that emerged during construction.

At the design stage, the appearance of the house, the number of floors, the internal layout of the rooms, and the material of the structures are selected. The site is broken down with a plan for the location of future buildings. If a ready-made project is purchased, then it is linked to the site.

The size of the house depends on the size of the plot and the number of people who will permanently live in it. Experts believe that 30 square meters is enough for a comfortable stay for one family member. m. For 4 people, the area of the house should be about 120 square meters. m.

Comfortable living conditions require compliance with certain rules. The house should have two zones: a day zone (hallway, kitchen, dining room, living room, bathrooms) and a night zone (bedrooms, bathrooms). Premises belonging to the day zone should be located closer to the exit, to the night zone, either in the back of the house or on the second floor. The day area should be spacious and comfortable to use. Its area for a family of 4 people should be at least 50 square meters. m.

Each family member should have their own bedroom. If there are 4 people in a family, then about 60 square meters should be allocated for the night area. m. Depending on the number of people, the number of bathrooms is planned. There is one bath for two bedrooms. Utility rooms and corridors should occupy from 10 to 20 square meters. m.

The best option for an inexpensive, cost-effective house to operate is a square one-story house with an area of 100 square meters. m. If you need a larger house, but not at the expense of reducing the area of the plot, then a second floor is built. To save money, you can replace the second floor with an attic. On the second floor there are rooms that are not often visited, mostly bedrooms. If the groundwater level allows, you can build a basement and place part of the utility rooms in it.

At the design stage, building materials and technologies are selected, and construction estimates are calculated. The estimate lists the construction and finishing work of the house, the cost of materials and services, reflects all costs associated with transportation, etc.

What to build the walls of the house from and using what technology?

The appearance of the house, reliability, cost and service life depend on the materials chosen. Therefore, when choosing materials, a number of factors should be taken into account:

1. Length of stay. For year-round use, you should choose materials with good thermal insulation and high strength characteristics. For living in the summer season, you can use frame technology made of wood or SIP panels.
2. Financial capabilities. The materials differ not only in their technical characteristics, but also in price. Brick and stone are expensive materials that require large financial investments. Houses made of cellular concrete are cheaper.
3. Weight of the building with the planned load. Brick and stone houses require a solid foundation, which increases the cost of construction. For walls made of aerated concrete and foam concrete, a non-deep strip foundation is sufficient. The weight of the structure is affected by the roofing material.
4. Convenience and speed of construction. Brick walls require more careful masonry. Walls made of gas and foam concrete blocks are quickly erected due to their lightness and large size. Houses made of timber, thanks to the tongue-and-groove technology, are also quickly built. When building from logs, you need to know the construction technology so that the house turns out reliable and warm. Building such a house takes a lot of time. The record holder for the speed of construction is monolithic construction, when formwork of the required height is assembled for the walls and concrete is poured.
5. In terms of environmental indicators, a wooden house takes the lead. It is built from profiled or rounded timber. Treated with protective chemicals against rot, mold, mildew and pests, the house will last for many years. But this is an expensive type of construction. A frame house will be cheap, but it will have a short service life.

Stage of establishing a solid foundation

The construction of a house begins with the breakdown of the site and ground work. When creating a site plan, the location of the house, septic tank, outbuildings, and well is indicated. The garden area should be divided into zones: residential, recreation, garden. On the plan you need to mark where the flower beds will be located, where the paths will be, and where the parking lot will be.

The area is cleared of bushes and stumps. Frees up space for storing building materials. It is advisable to store building materials under a canopy. Earthworks include installing a septic tank, wells, digging a pit or trenches for the foundation, laying a drainage and cleaning system, and underground communications.

The area for the foundation is leveled. Usually the fruiting layer is cut off and scattered on the beds. The type of foundation is selected taking into account the properties of the soil, the depth of groundwater, the presence of a basement, and the total possible weight of the structure with the maximum possible load.

For a small one-story house on hard soil, a columnar or strip foundation would be most optimal. If the soils are floating, then a slab monolithic foundation should be used. It turns out to be expensive in cost, but it makes it possible to save on construction as a whole, since it can serve as a floor for the first floor. The heavier the building, the stronger the foundation should be. If the load is incorrectly calculated, cracks may appear on the walls, which will lead to the destruction of the building.

Depending on the type of foundation chosen, either trenches or a foundation pit are dug. The foundation should be poured immediately after completion of excavation work, so that the earth does not crumble from the walls. At the bottom there is a cushion about 20 cm thick made of sand, crushed stone or gravel; it is well compacted. Then wooden formwork is installed in the trench and concrete is poured. To increase strength, reinforcement can be inserted into the structure. The foundation must stand, the concrete gains strength within one to two months. The ideal option is if the foundation stands without load for a year.

What will make a home reliable and beautiful?

Once the foundation is in place, you can begin building the walls. Waterproofing is installed between the walls and the foundation to prevent moisture penetration. To make living comfortable, the walls must be durable, warm and breathable. If necessary, during the construction of walls, sound, steam and heat insulation is performed. This work is usually carried out on the outside of the building in order to preserve usable space inside the premises. Interior partitions and ceilings are installed simultaneously with the walls.

The construction of walls follows. First, the rafter system is installed. Then heat, hydro and vapor barrier is performed. Roofing material is laid on top of the sheathing. The roof not only protects from bad weather and mechanical damage, but also decorates the house, and this depends on the chosen material. The roof can be made of soft roofing materials, slate, ondulin, metal tiles, natural tiles. The choice depends on the budget and foundation. A heavy clay tile roof must be supported by a foundation.

When the frame of the house is ready, windows and doors are inserted, and then finishing work is carried out on the facade and interior. The choice of finishing materials depends on the owner’s tastes and financial capabilities. It is best to use natural materials for finishing, but they are expensive. Currently, many finishing materials have appeared that are analogues of natural ones, but at the same time environmentally friendly and cheaper. Finishing work includes: ceiling installation, wall finishing, floor installation and installation of flooring.

Along with the finishing work, communications are carried out and connected, and the necessary equipment is installed. The operation of all systems is checked. Upon completion of all work, furniture is installed and interior improvement of the house is carried out.

The final stage of any construction is commissioning. To do this, you should contact the relevant authorities, which will create a commission of representatives of regulatory authorities. To accept completed construction into operation. After signing the deed, a certificate of ownership is issued.

If your budget allows and you have knowledge regarding the main stages of building a house, you can start building a house. There are steps that you can do yourself. Some can only be done by specialists, so it would be better to hire professionals. Phased construction makes it possible to build a house at the lowest cost.

The costs of building a house of the same area can vary by two or more times.

You can reduce the construction budget if you invest your own labor, knowledge, energy, and talents into this matter.

An inexpensive house should not be:

Very small. Its size should suit your family's needs.
Inconvenient. It should suit your family's lifestyle.
Low quality. You can use cheaper, but high-quality traditional solutions. Typically, such decisions are easier to implement.

What can you save on?

1. You can save a lot by choosing a house design which should have economical solutions for the layout and structural elements of the house.

Architects offering ready-made projects are not interested in the cost of the house. Their task is to charm the developer with a beautiful facade and sell the project.

A beautiful picture acts like a drug - the developer decides at all costs build a large, complex and therefore very expensive house.

The project for an inexpensive house is a one-story house with a gable roof on a shallow foundation with floors on the ground. Total area 123 m 2 . The house has no internal load-bearing walls. There is no attic floor - the suspended ceiling is attached to the roof trusses. The angle of inclination of the roof slopes is 20 degrees. In summer, the living space increases due to the large, more than 20 m², a terrace completely covered and protected by walls, pos. 13.

An inexpensive house project is:

A rectangular house with a gable roof;
a one-story house without expensive interfloor ceilings, stairs and numerous windows;
a house without a basement, because if there is one, costs will increase by at least 30%;
house on low and ;
a house without unusual elements - bay windows, arched windows, tympanums, columns, balconies, pilasters, stairs, two-level rooms, winter gardens;
a roof with two, or at most five slopes (sometimes there are fifteen of these slopes!). Corners, valleys, hatches, roof windows and many tin elements - such a roof can cost 40% of construction costs;
external walls, the simplest to construct;
standard size windows;
simple interior and exterior wall decoration;
traditional facade made of cement-lime plaster.

The simple form of the house is the embodiment of the ultra-modern architectural style of the Barn house. A distinctive feature of the style is its exquisite conciseness, which is achieved by the correct choice of proportions, as well as the texture and color of the exterior decoration, in harmony with the surrounding space.

Devote maximum time and energy to choosing an economical home design.

Read articles on choosing the main parameters of a house project:

2. At finishing works. Option “minimum”: walls with traditional plaster or plaster, laminate on the floor, simple plumbing in the bathroom.

3. On materials. You can entrust the selection, purchase and delivery of materials to the construction site to the construction contractor - you have less worries. But if you want to save money, then take on this work yourself.

You can buy materials from well-known brands, or you can purchase the same materials from local or lesser-known manufacturers. Moreover, they will not be inferior in quality to the first ones, but their price will be lower. To save money and not make a mistake in choosing, collect all available information about the manufacturer, prices on the construction market in your and neighboring cities, as well as reviews about the quality of the product.

However, remember the basic rule of the market - quality costs money.

Many sellers give seasonal discounts from prices during a period when demand for building materials falls. This usually occurs from November to February. Keep an eye on prices and purchase expensive materials during this period.

What to build a house from, what material?

SNiP 02/23/2003 proposes to carry out, by making appropriate calculations, optimization of the building shell according to.

For different structures of house shells (walls, floors), the total cost of construction is calculated 1 m 2 wall or ceiling surfaces, rub/m 2. The heating costs of a house built using these different shell designs are then determined. For each design, a payback period is found - the period of time during which construction costs will be recouped.

In different regions, depending on the cost of the fuel and building materials used, as well as the severity of the climate, different results are obtained for the payback period of a particular wall or ceiling structure.

If you do not have specific preferences on what to build a house from, then find out the results of such calculations from local designers. Choose the wall and ceiling design option with the shortest payback period for construction costs in your region.

Calculations and construction practice show that in places with a harsh climate and/or expensive fuel It is more profitable to invest in highly efficient insulation materials.

Advantageous in harsh climates or when heating with electricity build double-layer walls with a thin but durable, and therefore relatively cheap, load-bearing layer (, etc.) with a masonry thickness of 180-250 mm. and insulate them with a fairly thick layer of effective insulation - 100-300 mm.

In areas with very harsh winters in a double-layer wall It may be advantageous to lay the load-bearing part from less durable but warmer blocks: aerated concrete, gas silicate, foam concrete or porous ceramics, density 600 - 1200 kg/m 3. This solution will reduce the thickness of the layer of highly efficient insulation, but due to the lower strength of the wall material, the thickness of the walls will have to be increased.

One square meter frame wall contains the maximum amount of highly effective insulation. This is probably the most profitable wall design in terms of return on construction costs.

Frame wall of an inexpensive house for a harsh climate:

Between the frame posts there is a mineral wool insulation board with a density of at least 45 kg/m 3, thickness 100-200 mm.
On the outside, insulation slabs made of extruded polystyrene foam (EPS) or polystyrene foam or facade slabs made of mineral wool with a density of at least 125 kg/m 3, thickness 40 - 100 mm.

However, a frame house has features that not all developers like.

It is profitable to build a house with frame walls and in areas with less severe winters. The outer layer of insulation on a frame wall in areas with a milder climate can be omitted.

In areas with mild winters houses made from lightweight, warm porous ceramics or without additional insulation and masonry thickness no more than 510 mm.

Wooden walls made of timber or logs in most climatic zones of Russia do not meet modern requirements for heat conservation. Wooden walls of houses for year-round use require additional insulation.

In the comments, please justify your choice: cheaper, warmer, more durable, etc.

Let's talk about the stages of building a private house with your own hands

Stage one: choose a place

When choosing a site to build your future home, first of all you need to keep in mind the geological component of the place. Among other things, it is necessary to correctly measure the level of groundwater to determine the structure of the soil, otherwise in the future you may encounter serious troubles such as subsidence of the foundation. Knowing the depth of water in the area is all the more important, since the planning of well drilling work (if necessary) will depend on this factor.

Stage two: developing a house project

You can draw up a competent construction project yourself, but it would be safer to call on the help of professionals who have the appropriate qualifications to carry out the design work. Do not forget - how the project is drawn up will subsequently influence the progress of all work on the construction of the house. Therefore, the project must be close to ideal, otherwise you will definitely not be able to avoid unnecessary financial costs and other unpleasant surprises.

Stage three: pour the foundation

Stage six: we install windows and doors and do the exterior finishing.

Installing windows and doors is not as complicated a process as many people imagine it to be. Currently, plastic windows are at the peak of popularity, as this option is durable and reliable. In addition, the installation process of such windows is quite simple. When performing exterior decoration of a house, preference is most often given to siding, thermal panels or decorative stone.

Stage seven: we install electricity and communications

In order to properly establish a communication system, you should turn to professionals. It will not be difficult for them to make a preliminary assessment of the landscape and advise you on the best ways to implement your plans. This is followed by the purchase of the necessary building materials and work on supplying water, electricity and sewerage. An obvious but very important nuance: types of work must be carried out exclusively in accordance with accepted technical norms and standards.

Stage eight: we arrange heating in the house with our own hands

To install a heating system in a private home, the entire range of elements designed for a standard voltage level of 220 volts is freely used. It is very important that all heating equipment optimally matches the given structure in terms of potential heating area. Deviation from existing norms is unacceptable in this context.

Currently, the option of heating houses using infrared panels, designed for standard voltage and capable of heating large areas, is very popular.

Stage nine we produce interior finishing

Interior finishing is the final stage. Interior decoration refers to work to improve the premises of the home and give them the look you need. The choice of materials for this purpose is huge. Here the main task will be the competent selection of each element in the context of the general characteristics and style of the house. Main attention should be paid to the appearance of the ceiling, floors and walls.

Many people have recently been interested in building private houses and cottages with their own hands - this option is gaining popularity, as it is the most practical and at the same time quite realistic. You can build the entire house from foundation to roof with your own hands, without resorting to the help of specialists: this, of course, requires help, but it will cost several times less than custom-made construction. As for a frame house, proper installation and adherence to technology allow it to be assembled in the shortest possible time and use inexpensive materials.